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DebunkedThe PolygraphThe instrument popularly called a lie detector, which records breathing, blood pressure, pulse and skin conductance dur…

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The library

Capsules

1,028 capsules, each one classified by the strength of its evidence.

All1,028Fact599Proven130Theory89Hypothesis71Contested90Debunked48
geography236biology88physics67history54medicine45astronomy33psychology26mathematics26chemistry20engineering20astrophysics19neuroscience19anthropology18art18
Filtered byFactbiologyClear all

Results

Showing 21 to 40 of 61

NewestMost votedA to Z
psychology
Fact

Emotion

States combining physiological change, expressive behaviour and subjective feeling, arising in response to events that matter to the organism. What…

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molecular biology
Fact

Cell Membranes

The boundary enclosing every cell, formed from a double layer of lipid molecules with proteins embedded in it. It defines what is inside the cell,…

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microbiology
Fact

Archaea

A domain of single-celled organisms distinct from both bacteria and eukaryotes. Their recognition as a separate branch of life in 1977 restructured…

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biochemistry
Fact

Lipids

A class of biological molecules grouped by not dissolving in water. They store energy, form the boundaries of every cell, and act as signalling…

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genetics
Fact

Sex Determination

The mechanisms by which an organism develops as male, female or another form. The systems are far more varied than the mammalian arrangement…

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immunology
Fact

Inflammation

The body's response to injury or infection, producing redness, heat, swelling and pain. It is protective and necessary, and when it persists without…

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microbiology
Fact

Fungi

A kingdom of organisms distinct from plants and animals, which digest their food externally and absorb it. They decompose most of the world's dead…

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immunology
Fact

Antibodies

Proteins produced by the immune system that bind specifically to a target and mark it for removal. Their variety is generated at random before any…

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biochemistry
Fact

Metabolism

The complete set of chemical reactions that sustain a living organism. It extracts energy from the environment, builds and maintains structures, and…

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microbiology
Fact

Bacteria

Single-celled organisms without a nucleus, present in essentially every environment on Earth, and vastly outnumbering all other forms of life. A…

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biochemistry
Fact

Proteins

The molecules that carry out most of the work in a cell. They are built from a common set of twenty amino acids, and what each one does is determined…

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genetics
Fact

Chromosomes

The structures into which the DNA of a cell is packaged. They are how an organism's genetic material is organised, divided accurately between…

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immunology
Fact

The Immune System

The set of cells, tissues and molecules that defends the body against infection. It operates in two connected layers: a fast general response, and a…

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neuroscience
Fact

The Neuron

The cell type that carries and processes signals in the nervous system. Neurons are electrically excitable, connect to one another at junctions…

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biology
Fact· Historical

Rosalind Franklin

Rosalind Franklin (1920 to 1958) was a British scientist whose work was crucial to discovering the structure of DNA, the molecule of heredity. Long…

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biology
Fact· Historical

The Human Genome Project

The Human Genome Project was a landmark international effort to map all of the genetic information in a human being. Completed in 2003 after more…

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biology
Fact· Historical

Jane Goodall

Jane Goodall (born 1934) is a British primatologist whose groundbreaking study of wild chimpanzees transformed our understanding of animals and of…

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biology
Fact· Historical

Charles Darwin

Charles Darwin (1809 to 1882) was an English naturalist whose theory of evolution by natural selection transformed our understanding of life. He…

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biology
Fact· Empirical

The Human Skeleton

The human skeleton is the internal framework of bones that supports the body, protects its organs, and allows it to move. An adult skeleton has 206…

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biology
Fact· Empirical

The Human Eye

The human eye is the organ of sight, a remarkable structure that turns light into the images we see. Roughly the size of a ping pong ball, it…

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