Punctuated Equilibrium
Punctuated equilibrium is a theory about the pace of evolution. It proposes that species tend to remain largely unchanged for long stretches of time,…
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Punctuated equilibrium is a theory about the pace of evolution. It proposes that species tend to remain largely unchanged for long stretches of time,…
The theory of island biogeography explains how many species an island will hold, and why. Developed in the 1960s, it proposes that the number of…
Antibiotic resistance is the ability of bacteria to survive the drugs designed to kill them. It is one of the most direct and observable examples of…
The modern synthesis is the theory, developed in the first half of the twentieth century, that united Charles Darwin's idea of evolution by natural…
Rosalind Franklin (1920 to 1958) was a British scientist whose work was crucial to discovering the structure of DNA, the molecule of heredity. Long…
The Human Genome Project was a landmark international effort to map all of the genetic information in a human being. Completed in 2003 after more…
mRNA vaccines are a new type of vaccine that teaches the body to fight a disease by delivering genetic instructions rather than a weakened or…
Jane Goodall (born 1934) is a British primatologist whose groundbreaking study of wild chimpanzees transformed our understanding of animals and of…
At the end of the last ice age, many of the world's largest animals, the megafauna, went extinct, from woolly mammoths to giant ground sloths.…
Where and how our own species, Homo sapiens, arose is a question of intense scientific interest. The broad outline, an African origin, is well…
Neanderthals were a species of ancient humans who lived across Europe and Asia for hundreds of thousands of years before disappearing around 40,000…
The Permian extinction, often called the Great Dying, was the most severe mass extinction in Earth's history, around 252 million years ago, when the…
Charles Darwin (1809 to 1882) was an English naturalist whose theory of evolution by natural selection transformed our understanding of life. He…
DNA fingerprinting, also called DNA profiling, is a technique that identifies individuals by the unique patterns in their genetic material. Since its…
Human blood comes in different types, determined by molecules on the surface of red blood cells. The discovery of blood types made safe blood…
Piltdown Man was a supposed "missing link" between apes and humans, announced in 1912 from fossil fragments found in England. For decades it misled…
Many birds travel thousands of miles between breeding and wintering grounds, often returning to the very same spot year after year. How they find…
The aquatic ape hypothesis is the controversial idea that human ancestors went through a phase of living partly in water, and that this shaped many…
Vitalism was the long held belief that living things contain a special, non physical "vital force" or "life energy" that animates them and that…
Why living things grow old and eventually die is one of biology's deep and contested questions. Ageing is nearly universal among complex animals, yet…