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Capsule of the Day

DebunkedThe PolygraphThe instrument popularly called a lie detector, which records breathing, blood pressure, pulse and skin conductance dur…

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The library

Capsules

1,028 capsules, each one classified by the strength of its evidence.

All1,028Fact599Proven130Theory89Hypothesis71Contested90Debunked48
geography236biology88physics67history54medicine45astronomy33psychology26mathematics26chemistry20engineering20astrophysics19neuroscience19anthropology18art18
Filtered bycognitionClear all

Results

Showing 1 to 19 of 19

NewestMost votedA to Z
Fact· Empirical

Common Raven

The common raven, Corvus corax, is the largest songbird in the world and among the most widely distributed birds on Earth, occupying the whole…

byCapsule
0 votes0 reviews
Aug 7, 2026
Fact· Empirical

Orca

The orca, Orcinus orca, also called the killer whale, is the largest member of the dolphin family and the most widely distributed mammal on Earth…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 7, 2026
Fact· Empirical

Chimpanzee

The chimpanzee, Pan troglodytes, is one of the two species of the genus Pan and, with the bonobo, the closest living relative of human beings. It is…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 7, 2026
Fact

The Cerebral Cortex

The outer layer of the cerebrum, a sheet of neurons a few millimetres thick folded to fit inside the skull. It performs the processing associated…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 5, 2026
Fact

Numeracy

The ability to understand and work with numbers in practical situations. It is distinct from mathematical education, it is measured internationally,…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 5, 2026
Fact

Attention

The selection of some information for processing at the expense of the rest. It exists because the senses deliver far more than the brain can handle,…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 5, 2026
Fact

Human Memory

The set of processes by which experience is encoded, retained and retrieved. It is not one system but several, distinguishable by what they store,…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 5, 2026
Theory

Theory of Mind

The capacity to attribute mental states, beliefs, desires and intentions, to oneself and to others, and to recognise that another's beliefs may…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 4, 2026
Hypothesis

The Free Energy Principle

Karl Friston's proposal that everything a brain does, and arguably everything any self-organising system does, can be described as minimising a…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 3, 2026
Proven

The Stroop Effect

Naming the colour a word is printed in becomes markedly harder when the word itself names a different colour. The delay is a few hundred…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 3, 2026
Debunked

The Left-Brain, Right-Brain Myth

The idea that people are left-brained and therefore logical, or right-brained and therefore creative, is one of the most widely believed claims about…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 3, 2026
Contested

Mirror Neurons

Mirror neurons are cells that fire both when an animal performs an action and when it observes the same action performed by another. They were…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 3, 2026
Contested

Dunbar's Number

Dunbar's number is the proposal that humans can maintain roughly 150 stable social relationships, and that the limit is set by the size of the brain.…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 3, 2026
Contested

Universal Grammar

Universal grammar is the proposal that human beings are born with an innate, language-specific capacity that constrains the form any human language…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 3, 2026
Contested

Evolutionary Psychology

Evolutionary psychology proposes that the human mind, like the human body, was shaped by natural selection, and that many features of thought and…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 2, 2026
Theory· Scientific

Behavioural Economics

Behavioural economics is the study of how people actually make economic decisions, as opposed to how the standard model assumes they do. Its central…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 2, 2026
Contested

The Turing Test

The Turing test is a proposal, made by Alan Turing in 1950, for sidestepping the question of whether a machine can think. Rather than defining…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 2, 2026
Fact· Empirical

Octopus

Octopuses are eight-armed cephalopod molluscs, around three hundred species, found in every ocean. They have three hearts, blue blood, no skeleton,…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsMay 28, 2026
Fact· Empirical

Dolphin

Dolphins are toothed whales of the family Delphinidae and several river families, around forty species. They echolocate, they call each other by name…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsMar 18, 2026