Capsules

Salt

Sodium chloride. It is physiologically essential, it was the only reliable food preservative for most of history, and its scarcity relative to demand…

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Food Preservation

Techniques for preventing food from spoiling. All of them work by attacking the same small set of conditions that microorganisms and enzymes require,…

biochemistry

Lipids

A class of biological molecules grouped by not dissolving in water. They store energy, form the boundaries of every cell, and act as signalling…

Carbohydrates

A class of molecules made of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, comprising sugars, starches and fibre. They are the main energy source in most human diets…

Dietary Fibre

The parts of plant food that human digestive enzymes cannot break down. It supplies no energy directly and is one of the more consistently supported…

Vitamins

Organic compounds required in small amounts that the body cannot make for itself, or cannot make in sufficient quantity. Each was discovered through…

Contested

Ultra-Processed Foods

The claim that industrial food processing itself, rather than the nutrient content of the resulting food, causes harm. The association with poor…

medicine

Hypothesis

Developmental Origins of Health and Disease

The proposal that conditions in the womb and in early infancy set a person's risk of heart disease, diabetes and other conditions decades later. It…

Contested

Salt and Blood Pressure

That reducing salt lowers blood pressure is established. Whether population-wide salt reduction reduces deaths, and how low is low enough, is one of…

Debunked

Breakfast as the Most Important Meal

The claim that eating breakfast is necessary for health and weight control, and that skipping it causes weight gain. The phrase was popularised by…

Contested

Dietary Fat and Heart Disease

The proposition that saturated fat raises cholesterol and thereby causes heart disease shaped dietary guidelines across the developed world for fifty…