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Capsule of the Day

DebunkedThe PolygraphThe instrument popularly called a lie detector, which records breathing, blood pressure, pulse and skin conductance dur…

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The library

Capsules

1,028 capsules, each one classified by the strength of its evidence.

All1,028Fact599Proven130Theory89Hypothesis71Contested90Debunked48
geography236biology88physics67history54medicine45astronomy33psychology26mathematics26chemistry20engineering20astrophysics19neuroscience19anthropology18art18
Filtered byarchaeologyClear all

Results

Showing 1 to 18 of 18

NewestMost votedA to Z
archaeology
Fact

Rock Art

Images made on rock surfaces, by painting, engraving or carving. It is the largest surviving body of prehistoric art, it is found on every inhabited…

byCapsule
0 votes0 reviews
archaeology
Fact

Pottery

Objects formed from clay and hardened by heat. Pottery is the most abundant artefact in archaeology, it survives almost indefinitely, and it is the…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
archaeology
Fact

Stone Tools

Implements made by deliberately fracturing stone. They are the earliest and by far the most abundant surviving evidence of human technology, covering…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
archaeology
Fact

Dendrochronology

Dating events and objects by counting and matching the annual growth rings of trees. It is the most precise dating method available for the last…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
archaeology
Contested

The Collapse of Easter Island

Whether the people of Rapa Nui destroyed their own society by deforesting the island, or whether the collapse was caused by European contact, disease…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
anthropology
Contested

The Homo Naledi Burial Claim

The claim that Homo naledi, a small-brained hominin, deliberately buried its dead in a South African cave system, and made engravings and used fire…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
geology
Hypothesis

The Younger Dryas Impact Hypothesis

The proposal that a comet or asteroid struck or exploded over North America about 12,800 years ago, triggering an abrupt return to glacial…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
archaeology
Theory

Stratigraphy

Stratigraphy is the study of layers, and the principle that where deposits lie undisturbed the lower ones were laid down before the upper ones. It…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
archaeology
Contested

The Indus Script

The Indus Valley Civilisation left behind thousands of inscribed objects, mostly small stone seals, carrying sequences of signs that nobody can read.…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
archaeology
Contested

Gobekli Tepe

Gobekli Tepe is a complex of monumental stone enclosures in southeastern Turkey, built around eleven thousand years ago by people who had not yet…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
archaeology
Proven· Replicated

Radiocarbon Dating

Radiocarbon dating measures how much carbon-14 remains in something that was once alive, and converts that into an age. Developed by Willard Libby in…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
linguistics
Theory

Proto-Indo-European

Proto-Indo-European is a language nobody has ever heard, that left no written record, and whose vocabulary and grammar have nonetheless been…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
history
Contested

How the Americas Were Settled

How and when the first people reached the Americas is a genuinely contested question. That humans came from Asia is clear, but the timing and the…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
history
Fact· Empirical

Petra

Petra is an ancient city in southern Jordan, famous for its monumental buildings carved directly into rose-coloured sandstone cliffs. Once the…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
history
Fact· Empirical

The Colosseum

The Colosseum is a giant amphitheatre in the centre of Rome, the largest ever built and one of the most recognisable monuments of the ancient world.…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
history
Fact· Empirical

Machu Picchu

Machu Picchu is a fifteenth-century Inca citadel perched high on a mountain ridge in the Andes of Peru, around 2,400 metres above sea level. Famous…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
history
Fact· Empirical

Stonehenge

Stonehenge is a prehistoric stone monument on Salisbury Plain in southern England, a ring of enormous standing stones raised some four to five…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
history
Fact· Empirical

Great Pyramid of Giza

The Great Pyramid of Giza is the largest of the Egyptian pyramids and the oldest of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, and the only one still…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews