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DebunkedThe PolygraphThe instrument popularly called a lie detector, which records breathing, blood pressure, pulse and skin conductance dur…

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The library

Capsules

1,028 capsules, each one classified by the strength of its evidence.

All1,028Fact599Proven130Theory89Hypothesis71Contested90Debunked48
geography236biology88physics67history54medicine45astronomy33psychology26mathematics26chemistry20engineering20astrophysics19neuroscience19anthropology18art18
Filtered byTheorybiologyClear all

Results

Showing 1 to 17 of 17

NewestMost votedA to Z
ecology
Theory

Life History Theory

The framework that treats an organism's schedule of growth, reproduction and death as an evolved allocation of limited resources, subject to…

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molecular biology
Theory

Protein Folding

A protein is manufactured as a linear chain of amino acids and only works once it has folded into a specific three-dimensional shape. How the chain…

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molecular biology
Theory

The Central Dogma of Molecular Biology

The central dogma states that sequence information flows from nucleic acid to protein, and never back out of a protein into nucleic acid. Francis…

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neuroscience
Theory

Neuroplasticity

Neuroplasticity is the brain's capacity to change its structure and function in response to experience, injury, and learning. It overturned a…

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ecology
Theory· Scientific

Keystone Species

A keystone species is one whose effect on its ecosystem is disproportionately large relative to its abundance. The concept reorganised how ecologists…

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immunology
Theory· Scientific

Autoimmunity

Autoimmunity is the immune system attacking the body it belongs to. Around a hundred distinct autoimmune conditions are recognised, together…

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genetics
Theory· Scientific

Horizontal Gene Transfer

Horizontal gene transfer is the movement of genetic material between organisms by means other than parent to offspring. It is ordinary among…

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genetics
Theory· Scientific

Epigenetics

Epigenetics is the study of changes in how genes are used that do not involve changes to the DNA sequence itself. Every cell in a body carries the…

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biology
Theory· Scientific

Punctuated Equilibrium

Punctuated equilibrium is a theory about the pace of evolution. It proposes that species tend to remain largely unchanged for long stretches of time,…

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ecology
Theory· Scientific

The Theory of Island Biogeography

The theory of island biogeography explains how many species an island will hold, and why. Developed in the 1960s, it proposes that the number of…

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biology
Theory· Scientific

The Modern Evolutionary Synthesis

The modern synthesis is the theory, developed in the first half of the twentieth century, that united Charles Darwin's idea of evolution by natural…

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biology
Theory

Endosymbiotic Theory

Endosymbiotic theory explains the origin of the complex cells that make up plants, animals, fungi, and other higher organisms. It proposes that key…

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biology
Theory

Mendelian Inheritance

Mendelian inheritance is the set of principles describing how traits are passed from parents to offspring through discrete units we now call genes.…

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biology
Theory

Cell Theory

Cell theory is one of the foundational ideas of biology. It holds that all living things are made of cells, that the cell is the basic unit of life,…

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medicine
Theory· Scientific

Germ Theory of Disease

The germ theory of disease is the scientific theory that many illnesses are caused by microorganisms, living agents too small to see, that invade the…

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biology
Theory· Scientific

Evolution by Natural Selection

Evolution by natural selection is the scientific theory that explains how the diversity of life arose and continues to change. It holds that…

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science
Theory

The Gut-Brain Axis: Microbiome Influence on Mental Health

The gut-brain axis describes the bi-directional signalling between gut microbiota and the central nervous system via the vagus nerve, immune system,…

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