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DebunkedThe PolygraphThe instrument popularly called a lie detector, which records breathing, blood pressure, pulse and skin conductance dur…

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The library

Capsules

1,028 capsules, each one classified by the strength of its evidence.

All1,028Fact599Proven130Theory89Hypothesis71Contested90Debunked48
geography236biology88physics67history54medicine45astronomy33psychology26mathematics26chemistry20engineering20astrophysics19neuroscience19anthropology18art18
Filtered bymicrobiologyClear all

Results

Showing 1 to 10 of 10

NewestMost votedA to Z
Fact

Viruses

Infectious agents consisting of genetic material inside a protein coat, which reproduce only inside living cells. They are the most numerous…

byCapsule
0 votes0 reviews
Aug 5, 2026
Fact

Food Preservation

Techniques for preventing food from spoiling. All of them work by attacking the same small set of conditions that microorganisms and enzymes require,…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 5, 2026
Fact

Archaea

A domain of single-celled organisms distinct from both bacteria and eukaryotes. Their recognition as a separate branch of life in 1977 restructured…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 5, 2026
Fact

Fungi

A kingdom of organisms distinct from plants and animals, which digest their food externally and absorb it. They decompose most of the world's dead…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 5, 2026
Fact

Bacteria

Single-celled organisms without a nucleus, present in essentially every environment on Earth, and vastly outnumbering all other forms of life. A…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 5, 2026
Fact

Fermentation

The extraction of energy from sugars without oxygen. It is one of the oldest biological processes, humans have exploited it for at least nine…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 5, 2026
Fact

Extremophiles

Organisms that live in conditions that would destroy most life. They are mostly microorganisms, they have substantially widened the definition of a…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 5, 2026
Debunked

Stomach Ulcers and Stress

The belief that peptic ulcers are caused by stress, personality and diet, and that they are a chronic condition to be managed rather than cured. Most…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 4, 2026
Proven

Pasteurisation

Heating a liquid to a controlled temperature for a controlled time kills enough pathogens to make it safe without destroying it. It is among the most…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 3, 2026
Theory· Scientific

Horizontal Gene Transfer

Horizontal gene transfer is the movement of genetic material between organisms by means other than parent to offspring. It is ordinary among…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 3, 2026