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DebunkedThe PolygraphThe instrument popularly called a lie detector, which records breathing, blood pressure, pulse and skin conductance dur…

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The library

Capsules

1,028 capsules, each one classified by the strength of its evidence.

All1,028Fact599Proven130Theory89Hypothesis71Contested90Debunked48
geography236biology88physics67history54medicine45astronomy33psychology26mathematics26chemistry20engineering20astrophysics19neuroscience19anthropology18art18
Filtered byepidemiologyClear all

Results

Showing 1 to 11 of 11

NewestMost votedA to Z
Fact

Sanitation

The safe management of human waste. It has saved more lives than any medical treatment, it is the least discussed of the major public health…

byCapsule
0 votes0 reviews
Aug 5, 2026
Fact

Medical Screening

Testing people without symptoms to detect disease early. It saves lives in specific programmes and causes harm in others, and distinguishing between…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 5, 2026
Fact

Disease Surveillance

The continuous collection and analysis of health data to detect outbreaks, monitor trends and guide response. It is the information system on which…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 5, 2026
Fact

Contact Tracing

Identifying the people an infected person may have exposed, so they can be tested, treated or asked to isolate before they infect others. It is a…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 5, 2026
Fact

Quarantine

The separation and restriction of movement of people who may have been exposed to a contagious disease, to see whether they become ill. It is among…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 5, 2026
Hypothesis

Developmental Origins of Health and Disease

The proposal that conditions in the womb and in early infancy set a person's risk of heart disease, diabetes and other conditions decades later. It…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 4, 2026
Contested

Salt and Blood Pressure

That reducing salt lowers blood pressure is established. Whether population-wide salt reduction reduces deaths, and how low is low enough, is one of…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 3, 2026
Contested

Dietary Fat and Heart Disease

The proposition that saturated fat raises cholesterol and thereby causes heart disease shaped dietary guidelines across the developed world for fifty…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 3, 2026
Contested

Overdiagnosis

Overdiagnosis is the correct detection of a condition that would never have caused symptoms or harm during the person's life. It is not misdiagnosis…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 3, 2026
Theory

The Basic Reproduction Number

R nought is the average number of people one infectious person infects in a population with no immunity and no countermeasures. It is the single most…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 3, 2026
Theory

Herd Immunity

Herd immunity is the protection an unvaccinated person receives when enough of the people around them are immune that a chain of transmission cannot…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 3, 2026