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DebunkedThe PolygraphThe instrument popularly called a lie detector, which records breathing, blood pressure, pulse and skin conductance dur…

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The library

Capsules

1,028 capsules, each one classified by the strength of its evidence.

All1,028Fact599Proven130Theory89Hypothesis71Contested90Debunked48
geography236biology88physics67history54medicine45astronomy33psychology26mathematics26chemistry20engineering20astrophysics19neuroscience19anthropology18art18
Filtered bybiochemistryClear all

Results

Showing 1 to 10 of 10

NewestMost votedA to Z
Fact

Hormones

Chemical messengers released into the bloodstream by one tissue to act on another. They coordinate processes across the whole body over minutes to…

byCapsule
0 votes0 reviews
Aug 5, 2026
Fact

Cell Membranes

The boundary enclosing every cell, formed from a double layer of lipid molecules with proteins embedded in it. It defines what is inside the cell,…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 5, 2026
Fact

Lipids

A class of biological molecules grouped by not dissolving in water. They store energy, form the boundaries of every cell, and act as signalling…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 5, 2026
Fact

Carbohydrates

A class of molecules made of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, comprising sugars, starches and fibre. They are the main energy source in most human diets…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 5, 2026
Fact

Metabolism

The complete set of chemical reactions that sustain a living organism. It extracts energy from the environment, builds and maintains structures, and…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 5, 2026
Fact

Proteins

The molecules that carry out most of the work in a cell. They are built from a common set of twenty amino acids, and what each one does is determined…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 5, 2026
Fact

Insulin

The hormone that allows cells to take up glucose from the blood. Its discovery in 1921 turned type 1 diabetes from a fatal disease into a manageable…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 5, 2026
Hypothesis

The Warburg Effect

Cancer cells burn glucose wastefully, converting it to lactate even when oxygen is plentiful. The observation is a century old and undisputed, it is…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 4, 2026
Proven

The Krebs Cycle

The central sequence of reactions by which cells extract energy from food. It runs in nearly every organism that uses oxygen, it is the hub where the…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 4, 2026
Proven

Enzyme Catalysis

Enzymes speed up chemical reactions by factors that reach ten to the power of seventeen, at body temperature and neutral pH, without being consumed.…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 3, 2026