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Capsule of the Day

DebunkedThe PolygraphThe instrument popularly called a lie detector, which records breathing, blood pressure, pulse and skin conductance dur…

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The library

Capsules

1,028 capsules, each one classified by the strength of its evidence.

All1,028Fact599Proven130Theory89Hypothesis71Contested90Debunked48
geography236biology88physics67history54medicine45astronomy33psychology26mathematics26chemistry20engineering20astrophysics19neuroscience19anthropology18art18
Filtered bypoliticsClear all

Results

Showing 1 to 17 of 17

NewestMost votedA to Z
media studies
Fact

Censorship

The suppression of speech, writing or images by an authority. It is as old as writing, its methods have changed with each communication technology,…

byCapsule
0 votes0 reviews
law
Fact

Human Rights

Rights held by every person by virtue of being human, independently of citizenship, law or the consent of any government. The idea is old, its…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
media studies
Fact

Propaganda

Communication designed to shape opinion and behaviour in the interest of the party producing it, rather than to inform. It is defined by purpose and…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
law
Fact

Constitutions

The fundamental rules establishing how a state is governed: which institutions exist, what powers they hold, how those powers are limited, and how…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
political science
Fact

Democracy

Rule by the people, in practice meaning a system in which political authority derives from citizens through regular competitive elections, exercised…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
philosophy
Theory

Social Contract Theory

The family of arguments that political authority is justified by agreement among the governed rather than by divine appointment, natural hierarchy or…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
media studies
Contested

The Filter Bubble

The claim that personalisation algorithms enclose people in information environments matching their existing views, isolating them from disagreement…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
law
Contested

Originalism

Originalism is the view that a constitution should be interpreted according to what it meant when it was adopted, and that its meaning does not…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
law
Theory

The Rule of Law

The rule of law is the principle that everyone, including those who govern, is subject to law, and that power is exercised through known general…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
biography
Fact· Historical

Wab Kinew

Wabanakwut "Wab" Kinew is a Canadian politician who has served as the Premier of Manitoba since 2023, leading the province's New Democratic Party.…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
history
Fact· Historical

Winston Churchill

Winston Churchill (1874 to 1965) was a British statesman who served as Prime Minister during the Second World War and led the United Kingdom through…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
history
Fact· Historical

Barack Obama

Barack Obama (born 1961) is an American politician who served as the 44th President of the United States, from 2009 to 2017. The first Black…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
history
Fact· Historical

Napoleon Bonaparte

Napoleon Bonaparte (1769 to 1821) was a French military and political leader who rose during the French Revolution to become Emperor of the French…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
history
Fact· Historical

Abraham Lincoln

Abraham Lincoln (1809 to 1865) was the sixteenth President of the United States, who led the nation through its civil war and brought an end to…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
history
Fact· Historical

Mahatma Gandhi

Mahatma Gandhi (1869 to 1948) was the leader of India's independence movement against British rule, famous for his philosophy of nonviolent…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
history
Fact· Historical

The Berlin Wall

The Berlin Wall was a heavily guarded barrier that divided the city of Berlin from 1961 to 1989, separating communist East Germany from democratic…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
biography
Fact· Historical

Nelson Mandela

Nelson Mandela was a South African anti-apartheid revolutionary and statesman who served as the country's first democratically elected president.…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews