The Eradication of Smallpox
Smallpox was one of the deadliest diseases in human history, killing hundreds of millions of people over thousands of years. In 1980 the World Health…
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Wormholes
A wormhole is a hypothetical tunnel through spacetime that could, in principle, connect two distant points in the universe, or even two different…
The Founding and Agricultural Development of Brandon, Manitoba
Brandon, Manitoba was established in 1881 as a planned railway town along the Canadian Pacific Railway and rapidly became the agricultural hub of the…
Great Pyramid of Giza
The Great Pyramid of Giza is the largest of the Egyptian pyramids and the oldest of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, and the only one still…
Niagara Falls
Niagara Falls is a group of three powerful waterfalls on the Niagara River, straddling the border between Canada and the United States. Though not…
Conservation of Energy
The law of conservation of energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only changed from one form into another. The total amount of…
Information Theory
Information theory is the mathematical study of how information is measured, stored, and communicated. It defines what information actually is in…
Penicillin
Penicillin was the first true antibiotic, a medicine that kills bacteria and cures infections that had once been routinely fatal. Its discovery and…
Chaos Theory
Chaos theory is the branch of mathematics that studies systems whose behaviour is exquisitely sensitive to their starting conditions. Such systems…
Great Wall of China
The Great Wall of China is not a single wall but a vast, discontinuous system of fortifications, walls, watchtowers, garrisons, and beacon towers,…
The Sahara
The Sahara is the largest hot desert on Earth, a sweep of sand, gravel, and bare rock stretching across northern Africa from the Atlantic Ocean to…
Abiogenesis: The Origin of Life
Abiogenesis is the natural process by which life is thought to have arisen from non living matter, such as simple chemical compounds. How life first…
Phlogiston Theory
Phlogiston theory was an early explanation of combustion, widely accepted in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. It held that all flammable…
The Geocentric Model
The geocentric model was the ancient belief that the Earth sits motionless at the center of the universe, with the Sun, Moon, planets, and stars all…
Evolution by Natural Selection
Evolution by natural selection is the scientific theory that explains how the diversity of life arose and continues to change. It holds that…
Great White Shark
The great white shark (Carcharodon carcharias) is the largest predatory fish in the ocean and one of the most formidable hunters on Earth. Found in…
Giraffe
The giraffe is the tallest living animal on Earth, an unmistakable creature of the African savanna with its towering neck, long legs, and patchwork…
The Gut-Brain Axis: Microbiome Influence on Mental Health
The gut-brain axis describes the bi-directional signalling between gut microbiota and the central nervous system via the vagus nerve, immune system,…
Game Theory
Game theory is the mathematical study of strategic decision making, where the outcome for each participant depends not only on their own choice but…
Mount Fuji
Mount Fuji is the highest mountain in Japan and one of the most beloved and recognisable mountains in the world. Rising 3,776 metres in a…
The Martian Canals
The Martian canals were a network of fine, straight lines that some astronomers in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries believed they…