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DebunkedThe PolygraphThe instrument popularly called a lie detector, which records breathing, blood pressure, pulse and skin conductance dur…

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The library

Capsules

1,028 capsules, each one classified by the strength of its evidence.

All1,028Fact599Proven130Theory89Hypothesis71Contested90Debunked48
geography236biology88physics67history54medicine45astronomy33psychology26mathematics26chemistry20engineering20astrophysics19neuroscience19anthropology18art18
Filtered bytransportClear all

Results

Showing 1 to 9 of 9

NewestMost votedA to Z
Fact

Canals

Artificial waterways for navigation. Water carries heavy loads at a fraction of the effort land transport requires, and for a period of roughly a…

byCapsule
0 votes0 reviews
Aug 5, 2026
Fact

Roads

Prepared routes for travel over land. Roads are the oldest large-scale infrastructure, the engineering problem they solve is drainage rather than…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 5, 2026
Fact

Aviation

Powered flight through the atmosphere. It went from first sustained flight to routine intercontinental travel within sixty years, and its safety…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 5, 2026
Fact

Railways

Vehicles running on fixed guided tracks. The essential idea is older than the steam engine, and what railways did to distance, time and settlement…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 5, 2026
Fact

Public Transport

Shared passenger transport available to the general public on fixed routes and schedules. Its economics differ fundamentally from private transport,…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 5, 2026
Fact

The Internal Combustion Engine

An engine in which fuel burns inside the working chamber, pushing a piston or turning a rotor directly. It displaced the steam engine because it is…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 5, 2026
Fact

Bridges

Structures that carry a route across an obstacle. There are a small number of structural types, each resolving loads differently, and which is chosen…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 5, 2026
Proven

Induced Demand

Adding road capacity generates additional traffic that fills it, so congestion returns to roughly its previous level. The effect is well measured, it…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 3, 2026
Fact· Empirical

Electric Vehicles

Electric vehicles, or EVs, are cars and other vehicles powered by electric motors and batteries instead of by burning petrol or diesel. Once a niche…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsJun 12, 2026