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DebunkedThe PolygraphThe instrument popularly called a lie detector, which records breathing, blood pressure, pulse and skin conductance dur…

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The library

Capsules

1,028 capsules, each one classified by the strength of its evidence.

All1,028Fact599Proven130Theory89Hypothesis71Contested90Debunked48
geography236biology88physics67history54medicine45astronomy33psychology26mathematics26chemistry20engineering20astrophysics19neuroscience19anthropology18art18
Filtered bysociologyClear all

Results

Showing 1 to 11 of 11

NewestMost votedA to Z
Fact

The Family

A group of people related by descent, marriage or adoption, and the primary unit through which children are raised and property transmitted in most…

byCapsule
0 votes0 reviews
Aug 5, 2026
Fact

Urbanisation

The shift of a population from rural to urban living. More than half the world's people now live in cities, a threshold crossed around 2007, and the…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 5, 2026
Fact

Social Class

Divisions within a society based on economic position, occupation, education and status. How class should be defined has been argued about for as…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 5, 2026
Fact

The Census

A count of a population, conducted by a state, at a defined moment. It is among the oldest functions of government and remains the foundation on…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 5, 2026
Theory

The Demographic Transition

The observed pattern in which societies move from high birth and death rates to low ones, passing through a period of rapid population growth while…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 4, 2026
Theory

Routine Activity Theory

The proposal that a crime requires three things to converge in space and time: someone motivated to offend, a suitable target, and the absence of…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 4, 2026
Theory

Anomie

Anomie is the condition of a society whose norms have weakened or become unclear, leaving individuals without adequate guidance about what to want or…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 3, 2026
Contested

The Protestant Ethic Thesis

In 1905 Max Weber argued that the Protestant Reformation, and Calvinism in particular, produced a cultural disposition toward disciplined work and…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 3, 2026
Theory

The Social Construction of Reality

The social construction of reality is the thesis that much of what people treat as simply given about the world is in fact produced and sustained by…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 3, 2026
Contested

The Stanford Prison Experiment

In August 1971 Philip Zimbardo assigned twenty-four male students at random to be guards or prisoners in a simulated prison in a Stanford University…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 3, 2026
Contested

Broken Windows Theory

Broken windows theory holds that visible signs of disorder, such as broken windows, graffiti, and public drinking, signal that a neighbourhood is…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 3, 2026