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DebunkedThe PolygraphThe instrument popularly called a lie detector, which records breathing, blood pressure, pulse and skin conductance dur…

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The library

Capsules

1,028 capsules, each one classified by the strength of its evidence.

All1,028Fact599Proven130Theory89Hypothesis71Contested90Debunked48
geography236biology88physics67history54medicine45astronomy33psychology26mathematics26chemistry20engineering20astrophysics19neuroscience19anthropology18art18
Filtered bycriminologyClear all

Results

Showing 1 to 11 of 11

NewestMost votedA to Z
Fact

Organised Crime

Criminal activity carried out by durable groups organised for profit. It differs from individual offending in being structured, continuing beyond its…

byCapsule
0 votes0 reviews
Aug 5, 2026
Fact

Policing

The organised enforcement of law and maintenance of public order by a body authorised by the state. Professional police forces are a nineteenth…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 5, 2026
Fact

Prisons

Institutions in which people are confined as punishment. Imprisonment as the standard penalty for serious crime is a comparatively recent invention,…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 5, 2026
Fact

Fingerprint Identification

The use of friction ridge patterns on the fingers to identify individuals. It was the first widely adopted scientific identification method, it…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 5, 2026
Theory

Routine Activity Theory

The proposal that a crime requires three things to converge in space and time: someone motivated to offend, a suitable target, and the absence of…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 4, 2026
Debunked

The Polygraph

The instrument popularly called a lie detector, which records breathing, blood pressure, pulse and skin conductance during questioning. It measures…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 4, 2026
Debunked

Criminal Profiling

Offender profiling infers a perpetrator's characteristics from crime scene evidence. The specific claim that it reliably narrows a suspect pool, and…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 3, 2026
Hypothesis

The Lead-Crime Hypothesis

The proposal that childhood exposure to lead, principally from leaded petrol, raised violent crime rates a generation later, and that removing it is…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 3, 2026
Contested

The Great Crime Decline

Violent crime fell steeply across most of the developed world from the early 1990s, in some countries by more than half. The fall is one of the best…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 3, 2026
Contested

Broken Windows Theory

Broken windows theory holds that visible signs of disorder, such as broken windows, graffiti, and public drinking, signal that a neighbourhood is…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 3, 2026
Contested

Does the Death Penalty Deter?

Whether capital punishment deters murder more effectively than long imprisonment is an empirical question that has been studied for over half a…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 3, 2026