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Capsule of the Day

DebunkedThe PolygraphThe instrument popularly called a lie detector, which records breathing, blood pressure, pulse and skin conductance dur…

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The library

Capsules

1,028 capsules, each one classified by the strength of its evidence.

All1,028Fact599Proven130Theory89Hypothesis71Contested90Debunked48
geography236biology88physics67history54medicine45astronomy33psychology26mathematics26chemistry20engineering20astrophysics19neuroscience19anthropology18art18
Filtered byProvenengineeringClear all

Results

Showing 1 to 7 of 7

NewestMost votedA to Z
physics
Proven

The Carnot Cycle

An idealised sequence of four reversible steps that a heat engine could in principle follow, and which no real engine can beat. Its efficiency…

byCapsule
0 votes0 reviews
physics
Proven

Electromagnetic Induction

A changing magnetic field produces an electric current. Michael Faraday demonstrated it in 1831, and essentially all the world's electricity is…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
physics
Proven

Archimedes' Principle

A body immersed in a fluid is pushed up by a force equal to the weight of the fluid it displaces. It explains why steel ships float, it is over two…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
engineering
Proven

Satellite Navigation

Knowing where you are anywhere on Earth to within a few metres, by timing radio signals from satellites. It works because atomic clocks are…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
engineering
Proven

The Transistor

A device that lets a small electrical signal control a large one, with no moving parts, made from a crystal. It replaced the vacuum tube, made…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
materials science
Proven· Replicated

Semiconductor Doping

Doping is the deliberate introduction of impurities into a semiconductor in order to control its electrical behaviour. Every transistor, and…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
materials science
Proven· Replicated

Shape-Memory Alloys

A shape-memory alloy is a metal that returns to a remembered shape when heated, having been deformed while cool. The effect looks like a trick and is…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews