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Capsule of the Day

DebunkedThe PolygraphThe instrument popularly called a lie detector, which records breathing, blood pressure, pulse and skin conductance dur…

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The library

Capsules

1,028 capsules, each one classified by the strength of its evidence.

All1,028Fact599Proven130Theory89Hypothesis71Contested90Debunked48
geography236biology88physics67history54medicine45astronomy33psychology26mathematics26chemistry20engineering20astrophysics19neuroscience19anthropology18art18
Filtered byContestedpsychologyClear all

Results

Showing 1 to 15 of 15

NewestMost votedA to Z
psychology
Contested

The Implicit Association Test

A reaction-time task intended to measure automatic associations that a person may not report or may not be aware of. It is among the most widely…

byCapsule
0 votes0 reviews
psychology
Contested

Stereotype Threat

The proposal that awareness of a negative stereotype about one's group can impair performance on a task the stereotype concerns. The original…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
psychology
Contested

The Flynn Effect

Average scores on intelligence tests rose steadily throughout the twentieth century, by roughly three points per decade in the countries with long…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
education
Contested

Growth Mindset

The theory that believing ability can be developed, rather than being fixed, improves achievement. It became one of the most widely adopted ideas in…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
music
Contested

Absolute Pitch

Absolute pitch, commonly called perfect pitch, is the ability to identify or produce a musical note without a reference tone. It is rare, it is real,…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
neuroscience
Contested

Mirror Neurons

Mirror neurons are cells that fire both when an animal performs an action and when it observes the same action performed by another. They were…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
statistics
Contested

The Replication Crisis

The replication crisis is the finding that a substantial share of published research results cannot be reproduced when the studies are repeated. It…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
genetics
Contested

The Heritability of Intelligence

How much of the variation in measured intelligence is attributable to genetic variation is among the most technically misunderstood questions in…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
anthropology
Contested

Dunbar's Number

Dunbar's number is the proposal that humans can maintain roughly 150 stable social relationships, and that the limit is set by the size of the brain.…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
sociology
Contested

The Stanford Prison Experiment

In August 1971 Philip Zimbardo assigned twenty-four male students at random to be guards or prisoners in a simulated prison in a Stanford University…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
psychology
Contested

Evolutionary Psychology

Evolutionary psychology proposes that the human mind, like the human body, was shaped by natural selection, and that many features of thought and…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
psychology
Contested

Does Language Shape Thought

Does the language we speak shape the way we think? This question, sometimes called linguistic relativity, has fascinated and divided scholars for…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
psychology
Contested

Why Do We Dream

Dreams, the vivid stories the mind plays out during sleep, are universal yet deeply mysterious. That we dream is obvious; why we dream, and what…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
psychology
Contested

The Origin of Language

How human language first arose is one of the hardest questions in science. That we alone among animals possess full language is clear; when, how, and…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
psychology
Contested

Nature versus Nurture

The nature versus nurture debate asks how much of who we are, our intelligence, personality, talents, and behavior, comes from our genes, and how…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews