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DebunkedThe PolygraphThe instrument popularly called a lie detector, which records breathing, blood pressure, pulse and skin conductance dur…

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The library

Capsules

1,028 capsules, each one classified by the strength of its evidence.

All1,028Fact599Proven130Theory89Hypothesis71Contested90Debunked48
geography236biology88physics67history54medicine45astronomy33psychology26mathematics26chemistry20engineering20astrophysics19neuroscience19anthropology18art18
Filtered byneuroscienceClear all

Results

Showing 21 to 35 of 35

NewestMost votedA to Z
Proven

General Anaesthesia

Surgery without pain, without memory, and without movement, produced reliably millions of times a year. That it works is beyond question. How it…

byCapsule
0 votes0 reviews
Aug 3, 2026
Proven

The Action Potential

The electrical pulse a nerve cell uses to signal. It is the unit of communication in every nervous system, its mechanism is understood in…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 3, 2026
Theory

Neuroplasticity

Neuroplasticity is the brain's capacity to change its structure and function in response to experience, injury, and learning. It overturned a…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 3, 2026
Debunked

The Left-Brain, Right-Brain Myth

The idea that people are left-brained and therefore logical, or right-brained and therefore creative, is one of the most widely believed claims about…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 3, 2026
Contested

Mirror Neurons

Mirror neurons are cells that fire both when an animal performs an action and when it observes the same action performed by another. They were…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 3, 2026
Contested

The Critical Period Hypothesis

The critical period hypothesis holds that there is a window early in life during which language is acquired readily and after which full acquisition…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsAug 3, 2026
Contested

Why Do We Dream

Dreams, the vivid stories the mind plays out during sleep, are universal yet deeply mysterious. That we dream is obvious; why we dream, and what…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsJun 12, 2026
Contested

What Causes Alzheimer's Disease

Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia, slowly destroying memory and thinking. That it damages the brain is clear, but what…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsJun 12, 2026
Contested

Are Animals Conscious?

Whether animals have conscious experiences, an inner life of feelings and awareness, is a deep and genuinely contested question. That many animals…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsJun 11, 2026
Hypothesis

Quantum Entanglement as a Substrate for Consciousness

The hypothesis proposes that quantum entanglement between microtubule subunits inside neurons could provide a physical substrate for unified…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsApr 25, 2026
Debunked

Phrenology

Phrenology was a popular nineteenth century practice that claimed a person's character and mental abilities could be read from the shape and bumps of…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsApr 22, 2026
Fact· Empirical

The Human Brain

The human brain is the command centre of the body and the most complex object known in the universe. Weighing only about 1.4 kilograms, it contains…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsApr 21, 2026
Contested

The Hard Problem of Consciousness

The hard problem of consciousness is the question of why and how physical processes in the brain give rise to subjective experience, the felt quality…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsApr 20, 2026
Contested

Free Will

Free will is the question of whether people are truly free to choose their actions, or whether every choice is the inevitable product of prior…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsApr 9, 2026
Theory

The Gut-Brain Axis: Microbiome Influence on Mental Health

The gut-brain axis describes the bi-directional signalling between gut microbiota and the central nervous system via the vagus nerve, immune system,…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviewsFeb 13, 2026
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