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Capsule of the Day

DebunkedThe PolygraphThe instrument popularly called a lie detector, which records breathing, blood pressure, pulse and skin conductance dur…

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The library

Capsules

1,028 capsules, each one classified by the strength of its evidence.

All1,028Fact599Proven130Theory89Hypothesis71Contested90Debunked48
geography236biology88physics67history54medicine45astronomy33psychology26mathematics26chemistry20engineering20astrophysics19neuroscience19anthropology18art18
Filtered byProvenstatisticsClear all

Results

Showing 1 to 6 of 6

NewestMost votedA to Z
medicine
Proven

The Two-Hit Hypothesis

Cancer caused by loss of a tumour suppressor requires both copies of the gene to be knocked out. Alfred Knudson deduced this in 1971 from the…

byCapsule
0 votes0 reviews
mathematics
Proven

Bayes' Theorem

A rule for updating a belief when new evidence arrives. It is a short piece of algebra, it is not in any dispute, and misapplying it produces some of…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
medicine
Proven

The Randomised Controlled Trial

Assign people to treatments by chance, and the groups differ only by chance. It is a simple idea, it is the most reliable method medicine has for…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
statistics
Proven· Mathematical Proof

Regression to the Mean

Regression to the mean is the tendency for an extreme measurement to be followed by one closer to average, for no reason other than that extremes…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
statistics
Proven· Mathematical Proof

Simpson's Paradox

Simpson's paradox is the phenomenon in which a trend appears in several groups of data and reverses when the groups are combined. It is not a…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
statistics
Proven· Mathematical Proof

The Central Limit Theorem

The central limit theorem is one of the most important results in all of statistics. It explains why the familiar bell shaped curve appears again and…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews