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Capsule of the Day

DebunkedThe PolygraphThe instrument popularly called a lie detector, which records breathing, blood pressure, pulse and skin conductance dur…

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The library

Capsules

1,028 capsules, each one classified by the strength of its evidence.

All1,028Fact599Proven130Theory89Hypothesis71Contested90Debunked48
geography236biology88physics67history54medicine45astronomy33psychology26mathematics26chemistry20engineering20astrophysics19neuroscience19anthropology18art18
Filtered bymedicineClear all

Results

Showing 61 to 80 of 81

NewestMost votedA to Z
medicine
Proven· Replicated

HIV Causes AIDS

It is established beyond reasonable doubt that AIDS, the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, is caused by infection with HIV, the human…

byCapsule
0 votes0 reviews
medicine
Proven· Replicated

Antibiotic Resistance

Antibiotic resistance is the ability of bacteria to survive the drugs designed to kill them. It is one of the most direct and observable examples of…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
medicine
Proven· Replicated

The Eradication of Smallpox

Smallpox was one of the deadliest diseases in human history, killing hundreds of millions of people over thousands of years. In 1980 the World Health…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
medicine
Debunked

Do Vaccines Cause Autism?

The claim that vaccines cause autism is one of the most damaging medical myths of modern times. It has been investigated exhaustively and thoroughly…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
history
Fact· Historical

The Black Death

The Black Death was a devastating plague that swept through Europe, Asia, and North Africa in the mid 1300s, killing tens of millions of people. One…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
medicine
Proven· Clinical

mRNA Vaccines

mRNA vaccines are a new type of vaccine that teaches the body to fight a disease by delivering genetic instructions rather than a weakened or…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
medicine
Proven· Clinical

Human Blood Types

Human blood comes in different types, determined by molecules on the surface of red blood cells. The discovery of blood types made safe blood…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
medicine
Contested

What Causes Alzheimer's Disease

Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia, slowly destroying memory and thinking. That it damages the brain is clear, but what…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
biology
Contested

Why We Age

Why living things grow old and eventually die is one of biology's deep and contested questions. Ageing is nearly universal among complex animals, yet…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
medicine
Proven· Replicated

The Circulation of Blood

The circulation of blood is the continuous movement of blood around the body, pumped by the heart through a network of vessels. This understanding,…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
medicine
Debunked

Miasma Theory

Miasma theory was the belief that diseases such as cholera and the plague were caused by "bad air," a poisonous vapor thought to rise from rotting…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
medicine
Debunked

Humorism: The Four Humors

Humorism, or humoral theory, was the belief that human health depends on the balance of four bodily fluids, called humors: blood, phlegm, yellow…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
medicine
Proven· Clinical

Handwashing Prevents Infection

Washing the hands with soap and water is one of the simplest and most powerful tools in all of medicine for preventing the spread of disease. It is a…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
biology
Fact· Empirical

The Human Brain

The human brain is the command centre of the body and the most complex object known in the universe. Weighing only about 1.4 kilograms, it contains…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
medicine
Theory· Scientific

Germ Theory of Disease

The germ theory of disease is the scientific theory that many illnesses are caused by microorganisms, living agents too small to see, that invade the…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
medicine
Proven· Clinical

Smoking Causes Cancer

That tobacco smoking causes cancer is one of the most thoroughly established findings in all of medicine. Smoking is the leading preventable cause of…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
biology
Fact· Empirical

The Human Heart

The human heart is a muscular pump, roughly the size of a clenched fist, that drives blood through the body every moment of life. Beating around…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
medicine
Fact· Empirical

Vaccines

A vaccine is a preparation that trains the immune system to recognize and fight a specific disease before the body is ever exposed to the real…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
medicine
Proven· Clinical

Pasteurization

Pasteurization is the process of heating a food or drink to a specific temperature for a set length of time in order to kill harmful microorganisms…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
medicine
Proven· Clinical

Penicillin

Penicillin was the first true antibiotic, a medicine that kills bacteria and cures infections that had once been routinely fatal. Its discovery and…

byCapsule0 votes0 reviews
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